Guest Lecture on Microbiology Microbial Resources and Bio prospecting

Microbial Resources and Bio prospecting:

Himalayan context & Research Methodology

Lecture delivered by-

Dr. Anita Pandey

Scientist –F &Theme Head (BTA)

Group: Biotechnological Applications (BTA) & Environmental Physiology (EP)

Theme: Biotechnological Applications (BTA

Ph.D. (Microbiology), scientist GBPIHED

Dr. Anita Pandey Delivered the lecture on Microbial resources and their application In Uttaranchal (P.G) College of Biomedical Science & Hospital, Dehradun, on the topic of the uses of Microbiology, Biotechnology, environments, agriculture, industries, distilleries, water plant, in aquatic system, in our river, in temperate region, role of microbes in extreme cold and extreme hot region at sea level and about many more areas.

ABOUTGBPIHED

(Autonomous Institute of MoEF&CC)

Mandate: Indian Himalayan Region

Research and Development division

• Almora (HQ), Uttarakhand
• Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand
• Kullu, Himachal Pradesh
• Panthang, Tadong, Sikkim
• Itanagar, NE, Arunachal Pradesh
• New Delhi

Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature…

• The ubiquity of microorganisms is mainly attributed to:
• the small size and their easy dispersal
• their metabolic versatility and flexibility
• to utilize wide substrates as nutrient source
• ability to survive and multiply in diverse habitats,
• including anaerobic

Microbial Diversity and Biotechnological Applications

• Nutrient cycling (decomposers)
• Medicine
• Industry
• Agriculture- biological fertilizers
• Fermentation- foods and beverages
• Biotechnological tools- genetic engineering

Dr. Anita Pandey delivered a lecture on Microbial Resource and Bioprospecting. Our UCBMSH students from different course i.e. M.Sc. Microbiology, B.M.M, Agriculture IIndsem Students, M.Sc. Zoology students, and B.P.T. IInd year students attained the lecture. Where they get more information about the world of microbes and their uses in day to day life.

Dr. Anita Pandey discussed on various topics in Microbiology and also she gave a huge knowledge about research field in microbiology and some ideas about the research. She discussed on the topic are follow:

1. Bioprospecting of microbial resources –Microbial Diversity

    
   
    

2. Applications- Screening of biomolecule

    
    
   
   e.g., antimicrobials, microbial enzymes, pigments
    

   • Basic Techniques
   • Research areas
     • Important in medicine, agriculture, and industry
   • Physical conditions
     • Temperature (Mesophiles, psychrophiles, thermophiles)
     • pH (Acidophiles, alkaliphiles)
     • Oxygen (Aerobic, anaerobic)
3. >Pure cultures

    
   
    

4. Enzymatic activities

    
   
    

5. Molecular characters
   • DNA based characters
   • Isolation of DNA
   • Purity testing (for contaminants: mRNA, proteins)
   • electrophoresis (for presence of DNA) &
   • spectrophotometer (for purity and conc of DNA)
   • Removal of contaminants using RNAse and Proteinase K
   • PCR (amplification of isolated DNA using universal or specific primers)
   • Electrophoretic and
   • Gel documentation (size of base pair)
   • analysis of the PCR product (sequencing)
6. Sequencing
   • DNA Sequencing
   • Identification: Sequencing of conserved region of rRNA
   • Bacteria: 16S
   • Fungi 18S or ITS (internal transcribed sequence) region
   • Similarity index from the Database
   • Metagenomics
   • Isolation of DNA from soil
   • Denature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

 
Research areas
Himalaya
represents one of the
34 globally recognized biodiversity hotspots and
a discrete geographic and ecological entity

1. Research areas in microbial biotechnology
   • Extremophiles
   • Rhizosphere microbiology
   • Water microbes
   • Microbes under fire
   • Traditional fermented foods
   • IPR / Culture collections
   • Plant based antimicrobials

    
   
   Uses of High Temperature Environments
    
   

    
   http://wikitravel.org/en/Yellowstone_National_Park

2. Uses of Cyanobacteria (Cyanobacteria17 genera, 37 species)
3. Uses of Rhizosphere microbiology in the field of Agriculture (Plant-microbes interactions)

     
   
     

4. Applications of Microbial Research
   • Microbial inoculants
   • contamination of surface as well as ground water

   Based on scientific knowledge, there is a strong case in favourof increasing the use of biological fertilizers

   • Improved plant nutrition
   • Biocontrol
5. Native microbial inoculants
6. Field application of microbial inoculants at various altitudes
7. No effect of inoculations at temperate site
8. Need of native microbial inoculants for colder regions
9. Screening for Desirable traits
10. Nitrogen fixation. Phosphate solubilization
11. Biocontrol. Adaptation to climatic conditions
12. Microbial inoculations (Biocontrol)
      
    
      
    • Water microbes
      • Recycling of nutrients
      • Human health
    • Water pollution
    • Expanding human population
    • Industrialization
    • Intensive agricultural practices
    • Discharges of wastewater into rivers

      
    

13. Fermentation is a microbiological process
14. Probiotics- Challenging research areas…
    Documentation / Value addition
15. IPR issues
    • documentation of indigenous-cum-traditional practices
    • value addition through scientific inputs (batch to batch consistency)
    • validation of the processes and practices involved
    • economically attractive
    • cottage industry
    • proper recognition and equity to the local people
16. Use of Microbial Inoculants in the growth of plant

      
    
      

Report Submitted By :-
NeelamBamola
HOD, Microbiology
UCBMSH, Dehradun